NJSA 2C:28-5 Tampering With Witnesses and Informants

; Retaliation Against Them. a. Tampering. A person commits an offense if, believing that an official proceeding or investigation is pending or about to be instituted, he knowingly attempts to induce or otherwise cause a witness or informant to: (1) Testify or inform falsely; (2) Withhold any testimony, information, document or thing; (3) Elude legal process summoning him to testify or supply evidence; or (4) Absent himself from any proceeding or investigation to which he has been legally summoned. The offense is a crime of the second degree if the actor employs force or threat of force. Otherwise it is a crime of the third degree. Privileged communications may not be used as evidence in any prosecution for violations of paragraph (2), (3) or (4). b. Retaliation against witness or informant. A person commits a crime of the fourth degree if he harms another by an unlawful act with purpose to retaliate for or on account of the service of another as a witness or informant. c. Witness or informant taking bribe. A person commits a crime of the third degree if he solicits, accepts or agrees to accept any benefit in consideration of his doing any of the things specified in subsection a. (1) through (4) of this section. L.1978, c.95; amended 1981,c.290,s.27; 1991,c.33,s.1. 2C:28-5.1. Witness, victim protective orders If a court having jurisdiction under any criminal matter finds that the defendant in that criminal action or any other person connected in any way with the action has violated or is likely to violate N.J.S. 2C:28-5, N.J.S. 2C:29-3 or N.J.S. 2C:29-4 in regard to the pending offense, or that the defendant or other person has injured or intimidated or is threatening to injure or intimidate any witness in the pending offense or member of the witness' family with purpose to affect the testimony of the witness, the court may issue a protective order providing: a. That the defendant or other person not violate any provision of N.J.S. 2C:28-5, N.J.S. 2C:29-3, or N.J.S. 2C:29-4; b. That the defendant or other person maintain a prescribed geographic distance from any specified witness or victim; c. That the defendant or other person have no communication with any specified witness or victim, except through an attorney under any reasonable restrictions which the court may impose. L. 1985, c. 250, s. 1, eff. July 31, 1985. 2C:28-5.2. Penalties for violations Any person violating any order made pursuant to section 1 of this act may be subject to any of the following penalties: a. He may be charged with any substantive offense defined in N.J.S. 2C:28-5, N.J.S. 2C:29-3, or N.J.S. 2C:29-4 when violation of an order constitutes violation of any provision of those statutes; b. He may be charged with contempt of the court that made the order. No finding of contempt shall be a bar to prosecution for a substantive offense; and any sentence for a conviction of contempt may be served consecutively to any sentence imposed for the underlying substantive offense. If the court does not impose a consecutive sentence, the court shall state on the record the reason for not imposing a consecutive sentence. L. 1985, c. 250, s. 2, eff. July 31, 1985.